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We're used to hearing that yoga is a great, gentle form of exercise that helps to tone your muscles and ease stress.
But according to the author of a controversial new book, badly-taught yoga can lead to injuries - some of which can be fatal.
The
Daily Mail reports that New York Times Science writer William Broad, author of The Science of Yoga: The Risks and Rewards used to practise yoga himself, until he was injured as a result back in 2007.
When researching the book he found endless examples of injuries including strains, broken bones and trapped sciatic nerves. He also found that while some poses were low risk, others could cause serious problems.
He says: "This is not anecdotal and they are not freak accidents. Postures like the shoulder stand, in which you lie on your back and raise your legs into the air, and the plough, in which you lie on your back and put your feet over your head on the floor behind you, that are widely performed can crank the neck around in a risky way."
He explains that reductions of blood flow in one of the vertebral arteries, called the basilar artery, are known to cause strokes in some people that can be fatal.
He says: "If the clots that form go to the brain, you can have a stroke. And one in 20 people who have these vertebral artery problems can die."
William Broad isn't the first person to warn about the potential dangers of yoga. Back in 1972, an Oxford University neurologist called Professor Ritchie Russell wrote an article in the British Medical Journal claiming that some poses could damage the arteries in the neck and could cause strokes even in young, healthy people.
Broad also cites a 2009 survey of yoga therapists, which looked at the most common yoga-related injuries. Researchers from Columbia University in the US found that the most common injuries, in order of prevalence, were back injuries, shoulder injuries, knee problems, neck injuries and strokes.
He says: "The respondents noted four cases in which yoga's extreme bending and contortions resulted in some degree of brain damage. The numbers weren't alarming, but the acknowledgement of risk pointed to a decided shift in the the perception of the dangers yoga posed."
It seems that yoga injuries are now so common that they are even being mentioned in medical dictionaries.
In the UK, there are now thought to be close to one million people practising yoga, but the Society of Sports Therapists say that there are no reported cases of anyone suffering stroke as a result of their practise.
Experts believe that the problems stem from the fact that yoga teaching is not well-regulated in the UK, and anyone can become an instructor after following a short weekend course.
Pierre Bibby, chief executive of the
British Wheel of Yoga (BWY), which is the national governing body, says: "Yoga is not bad for you, but bad teaching is."
So it's wise to check that your teacher is BWY accredited and don't push yourself too hard to master those tricky postures.
Do you do yoga? Let us know below...
Click on the image below for some reasons to try yoga...
- Improved circulation
<p>
The unusual positions you put your body in during yoga help boost the body's vascular and lymphatic systems, which improve circulation (ensuring oxygenated blood gets to cells more effectively) and help the body fight infection. </p>
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- Stress relief
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The combination of controlled breathing, meditating, stretching and moving from one physical posture to another help to connect the mind and body. Yoga is known to help lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol, which, at high levels, can be linked to depression and high blood pressure.</p>
- Increase flexibility
<p>
Can't touch your toes? Not to worry. You'll soon be in a backbend. All of the stretches in yoga help increase your flexibility, lengthening the muscles, tendons and ligaments gradually over time. Since tight muscles can lead to poor posture, you may notice yourself standing an inch or two taller as well. </p>
- Better breathing
<p>
In yoga, you breathe in and out through the nose, taking longer, slower breaths. Not only does this help optimise lung function, it increases the amount of oxygen available in the body and helps you feel more relaxed.</p>
- Increased strength
<p>
Unlike a gym session, when you practise yoga postures, you increase strength while simultaneously increasing flexibility. Stronger muscles help protect our bones and prevent against ailments like back pain. Also, yoga poses require and build up that core abdominal strength that is so difficult to achieve - so you have something more exciting to look forward to than sit-ups. </p>
- Weight loss
<p>
While less vigorous yoga sessions have been criticised for their fitness benefits, a flow class will definitely get you moving, have your muscles working and ensure you're burning cals. Plus, since yoga is associated with a more positive outlook and healthy eating, you may find that yoga inspires you to ditch the crisps in favour of healthier options.</p>
- Peace of mind
<p>
From stress to insecurity issues, we're all coping with a lot on a daily basis. Yoga provides a positive outlet to quiet our minds (unlike, say, drinking), allowing you to reconnect mind and body. Studies have found that it can also help elevate moods.</p>
- Pain relief
<p>
The ancient Eastern practice has been known to help reduce pain in people with ailments like arthritis. Yoga postures also <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2011/10/31/yoga-improves-chronic-lower-back-pain_n_1068683.html" target="_self">improve chronic back pain</a>, according to a study from the University of York. </p>
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